How To Reduce Your Risk for Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is the second deadliest form of cancer in the United States, claiming over 50,000 lives each year. However, it’s also one of the most preventable and treatable cancers when caught early. It’s important to understand what colon cancer is and how to reduce your risk. 

 What is colorectal cancer?  

Colon cancer, or colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the inner lining of the colon or rectum. It typically starts with growths in these areas that turn into polyps. Without treatment, these polyps can turn into cancer over time. Most people with polyps don’t experience symptoms, which is why regular screenings are essential to catch them before they turn into cancer.  

 What causes colon cancer? 

 Environmental exposure is the main cause of colon cancer. Things like a poor diet, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption are all factors that increase your risk for colon cancer. A proper diet, no tobacco use, and limited alcohol consumption can significantly decrease your risk for colon cancer and other ailments like diabetes and heart disease. 

 How do I reduce my risk for colorectal cancer? 

Managing your diet and adding foods that promote colon health into your daily life are great ways to reduce your risk. Whole grains, fish, white meats, and non-starchy vegetables promote proper digestion and decrease inflammation, lowering your risk. Additionally, brown rice, quinoa, salmon, tuna, turkey, eggs, beans, and nuts are a few of the best foods for colon health. You should also avoid highly processed foods and excessive consumption of red meat. 

Along with a healthy diet, it’s important to maintain a healthy weight. The National Library of Medicine reports that a high BMI (body mass index) increases your likelihood of developing colon cancer. The risk factor is even higher for overweight men and premenopausal women. Be sure to exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet. 

 Reducing your risk not only about making healthier choices like diet, exercise, and screenings but also stopping or reducing harmful activities like smoking and excess alcohol consumption. Smokers have an increased risk of developing more and larger polyps in the colon that can become cancerous. Moderate to heavy alcohol consumption doubles your likelihood of developing colon cancer when compared to those who don’t drink or only drink occasionally. 

 While diet, weight management, and avoiding harmful activities are great ways to prevent colon cancer, the best thing you can do is to get screened regularly. The CDC reports the most effective way to reduce your risk of colon cancer is through preventative colonoscopies. Almost every case of colorectal cancer begins as precancerous polyps, meaning if you get your colonoscopies on schedule, you’ll be able to catch and treat the polyps before they turn into cancer.  

 When and how often you should be screened for colorectal cancer depends on different risk factors, like age, race, and family history. Typically, you should get your first screening at 45 years old unless you have risk factors for colon cancer. Talk to your doctor to find out when you should get screened and if your medical history puts you at higher risk.  

 And while a colonoscopy is the best and most effective screening method, other options exist if you aren’t comfortable with a colonoscopy or have a condition that prevents you from having one. Stool tests, sigmoidoscopy, and Cologuard® are alternatives to colonoscopy, but they are less effective and must be repeated more often. Discuss with your doctor what options are available and covered by your insurance. 

 Adding these tips into your daily routine can significantly reduce your risk for colon cancer. While this is a great place to start, a colonoscopy is the most important step in reducing your risk. Colon cancer is an aggressive but treatable cancer when the proper steps are taken and you get screenings as directed by your care provider.  

 Even with preventive measures, you’ll need to get regular screenings. If you are due for a screening, consider scheduling one with Capital Health. Our experienced team is ready to provide you with quality care. Call 609-537-6363 or make an appointment online.